Sunburn

Sunlight provides warmth, helps people feel healthy and makes them feel energized, but too much exposure to sunlight can result in immediate pain and long-term harm. Sunburn is a direct result of too much sunlight on the skin, which can result in pain, allergic reactions and heat stroke. In the long term, victims of sunburn can suffer from lupus, cataracts, premature skin aging and an increased risk for skin cancer.

Possible Causes of Sunburn
Sunburn is caused by extended exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays. A person’s sensitivity to the sun is related to his or her skin type. An individual’s skin type determines how easily that person can become sunburned. Those with fair skin, freckles, blue eyes and/or blonde or red hair sunburn much easier than those with darker skin, eyes and hair. Children younger than 6 years of age and adults older than 60 years are at an increased risk for sunburn. Skin type affects how easily you become sunburned. People with fair or freckled skin, blond or red hair, and blue eyes usually sunburn easily. Your age also affects how your skin reacts to the sun. The skin of children under age 6 and adults over age 60 is more sensitive to sunlight. Premature aging from sunlight can affect people of all skin shades. A sunburn can be caused by the sun or by artificial tanning sources, including tanning beds and sun tanning lights. Sunburn can occur in both summer and winter.

Possible Symptoms of Sunburn
Symptoms of sunburn include red, warm skin that appears during or shortly after spending time in the sun. Skin can also be tender to the touch and may swell or even blister. Skin peeling may also occur. Severe burns can also include fever, nausea and chills. Dehydration may also result.

Possible Lifestyle Changes for Sunburn
The best way to prevent sunburn is to protect the skin with sunscreen or clothing whenever it is exposed to sunlight. Apply sun screen carefully and generously. Re-apply after swimming. Sunlight is strongest between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., so avoid exposure during these times. Apply sun protection even when in the shade. Do not stay in the sun too long on the first sunny days. Accustom your skin to the skin gradually. In the beginning of summer, use high sun protection factors designed for your skin type. Snow and water intensify sun radiation, apply adequate higher protection. A higher sun protection is needed the closer one is to the equator because of more intense UV radiation. This applies as well for mountaineering: the higher the climb and hike, the stronger sun protection needed. Protect the eyes with sunglasses fitted with a UV filter. Pay close attention to children in the sun. Sun protection should include sun block, hat and T-shirt. Never expose babies younger than 6 months of age to direct sunlight.