Muscle Cramps

Possible Causes of Muscle Cramps
Muscle cramps are caused by an imbalance in the electrolytes and minerals in the body, including calcium, magnesium and potassium. Cramps can also be the result of unusual physical exertion, as occurs with “weekend athletes” or those just beginning a new exercise regimen. Inactivity, anemia, tobacco use, fibromyalgia, hormone imbalance, allergies, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, dehydration and hypothyroidism can also lead to muscle cramps. The use of diuretic drugs for high blood pressure or heart disorders may lead to electrolyte imbalances causing muscle cramps.

Possible Symptoms of Muscle Cramps
Muscle cramps feel like sudden pain in the affected area that resemble a tightening or hardening in the muscle. The pain usually goes away in a matter of minutes or seconds. The pains often occur at night and can interrupt sleep. Leg cramps are very common in pregnant women and the elderly, but they can strike anyone. Cramps are more likely to occur in the heat and during strenuous exercise.

Possible Lifestyle Changes for Muscle Cramps
Stretch the muscles thoroughly before and after exercise. Drink plenty of water before and after exercise. Avoid tight clothing and shoes as they can constrict blood flow, leading to cramping. When cramps occur in the calves, put the feet up and massage the affected area. Warm baths are very effective in treating sore muscles. If leg cramps occur in the calves (known as a “charlie horse”), stretch the muscle by extending the affected leg backward and leaning forward to stretch the calf muscle. If cramps occur often during the day, consult a doctor, as this is a symptom of impaired circulation or arteriosclerosis.